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Year 1 English Phonics

Word Families

Word families are groups of words that share the same ending (rime). Learning one word in a family helps you read and spell many others — like cat, bat, hat, mat, rat!

What You Need to Know

A word family is a group of words that share the same ending sound and spelling. They all rhyme with each other. When you know one word in a family, you can decode many others by changing just the beginning sound (the onset). For example, once you know -at, you can read cat, bat, hat, mat, sat, rat, fat, pat.

Key Concepts

-at family

cat, bat, hat, mat, rat

-an family

can, man, pan, ran, fan

-ig family

big, dig, fig, pig, wig

-op family

hop, mop, pop, top, cop

How to use a word family:

If you know cat, change the first letter:

c-at = cat b-at = bat h-at = hat m-at = mat r-at = rat

Key Vocabulary

Word Family

A group of words that share the same ending and rhyme with each other, e.g. cat, bat, hat.

Rime

The ending part of a word that is shared in a word family, e.g. the -at in cat, bat, hat.

Onset

The beginning sound of a word — the part that changes in a word family, e.g. the c in cat, b in bat.

Rhyme

Words that sound the same at the end — word families all rhyme with each other!

Knowledge Check

Select the correct answer for each question. Click "Check Answer" to see if you are right.

Question 1

Which word belongs to the -an word family?

Question 2

Cat, bat, hat and mat all belong to the same word family. What is their shared ending?

Question 3

Which word does NOT belong to the -ig word family?

Question 4

Why are word families helpful for reading?

Key Concepts Summary