What You Need to Know

Key Concept Diagram

Close reading focuses on HOW a text creates meaning, not just WHAT it says

Analyse word choice (diction): why did the author choose this specific word?

Identify literary devices: metaphor, simile, personification, repetition, and their effects

Consider the structural choices: sentence length, punctuation, and paragraph organisation

Key Vocabulary

Close reading

A careful, detailed analysis of a text, focusing on language, structure, and literary devices

Diction

An author's choice of words and their effect on meaning and tone

Connotation

The associations and feelings a word carries beyond its literal dictionary meaning

Literary device

A technique used by a writer to create meaning or effect, e.g. metaphor, simile, alliteration

Knowledge Check

Select the correct answer for each question. Click "Check Answer" to see if you are right.

Question 1

In close reading, which question is most important when analysing a word choice?

"What does this word mean?" "How long is this word?" "Why did the author choose THIS word rather than a different one?" "Is this word common or rare?"

Question 2

A writer describes a storm as "a hungry wolf prowling the coast." What device is used and what effect does it create?

Simile; compares the storm to a wolf Alliteration; uses repetition of sounds Personification; gives the storm human emotions Metaphor; suggests the storm is dangerous, predatory, and purposeful

Question 3

A poem uses very short sentences throughout. What effect might this create?

A rushed, urgent, or fragmented feeling A sense of calm and relaxation A complex, sophisticated tone A humorous effect

Close Reading Skills