BrightPath
Back to Course
Year 4 Financial Literacy

Earning and Spending

Learn about different ways to earn money, how to track spending, and how to make a simple budget.

Ways to Earn Money

Before you can spend or save, you need to earn money. Here are some ways kids can earn:

Pocket Money / Allowance

Regular money from parents, sometimes for doing chores

Extra Chores

Washing the car, mowing the lawn, tidying the garage

Selling Things

Lemonade stand, craft market, selling old toys at a garage sale

Gifts

Birthday money or holiday gifts from family

Income vs Expenses

Income is money coming in. Expenses are money going out. The key rule is simple:

Income - Expenses = Savings

If you earn more than you spend, you have savings!

Income (Money In)

  • + Pocket money
  • + Chore earnings
  • + Birthday money
  • + Selling old things

Expenses (Money Out)

  • - Snacks and treats
  • - Toys and games
  • - Activities
  • - Gifts for others

A Simple Weekly Budget

Here is an example of how to track your money for one week:

Description Money In Money Out
Pocket money (Monday) $10.00
Canteen lunch (Tuesday) $4.50
Helped wash car (Wednesday) $5.00
Ice cream (Friday) $3.50
Total $15.00 $8.00
Savings (Income - Expenses) $7.00

Key Vocabulary

Income

Money that comes in — what you earn or receive.

Expenses

Money that goes out — what you spend.

Budget

A plan for how you will earn, spend, and save your money.

Earn

To get money by doing work or providing something of value.

Worked Examples

1

Alex earns $8 pocket money and $4 for extra chores. He spends $5 on snacks. How much can he save?

Step 1: Total income = $8 + $4 = $12

Step 2: Total expenses = $5

Answer: Savings = $12 - $5 = $7

2

Emma earns $10 per week. She spends $6 on Tuesday and $5 on Friday. Is she overspending?

Step 1: Income = $10

Step 2: Expenses = $6 + $5 = $11

Answer: $10 - $11 = -$1. Yes! She is spending $1 more than she earns. She needs to cut back.

3

Jack tracks his spending: Mon $2, Wed $3, Fri $1. His income is $10. What are his savings?

Step 1: Total spending = $2 + $3 + $1 = $6

Step 2: Income = $10

Answer: Savings = $10 - $6 = $4

Knowledge Check

Select the correct answer for each question. Click "Check Answer" to see if you are right.

Question 1

Sophie earns $12 from pocket money and chores. She spends $7. How much does she save?

Question 2

What is it called when you get money by doing jobs or work?

Question 3

Max earns $8. He spends $3 on Monday, $2 on Wednesday, and $4 on Friday. What happens?

Question 4

Which of these is an expense?

Question 5

Zara's income is $15. She wants to save $5. What is the most she can spend?

Key Concepts Summary

Year 3: Needs Wants Year 4: Saving Goals