Evidence for Evolution
Evolution is the change in inherited characteristics of populations over generations. Multiple independent lines of evidence — fossils, comparative anatomy, genetics, and direct observation — support the theory.
What You Need to Know
Key Concept Diagram
Fossil evidence shows the progression and change of species over geological time
Comparative anatomy reveals homologous structures shared by related species
DNA evidence can compare the genetic similarity between species to determine evolutionary relationships
Natural selection is the mechanism by which evolution occurs: traits that improve survival are passed on
Key Vocabulary
Evolution
Change in the heritable characteristics of a population over successive generations
Fossil
The preserved remains or traces of organisms from the past
Homologous structures
Similar structures in different species that share a common evolutionary origin
Natural selection
The process by which organisms with favourable traits survive and reproduce more successfully
Knowledge Check
Select the correct answer for each question. Click "Check Answer" to see if you are right.
Question 1
Human arms, whale flippers, and bird wings have similar bone structures. This is evidence of:
Question 2
Scientists compare the DNA of two species and find 98% similarity. What does this suggest?
Question 3
Bacteria can evolve resistance to antibiotics within a few generations. Which process explains this?
Key Concepts Summary
- ●Fossil evidence shows the progression and change of species over geological time
- ●Comparative anatomy reveals homologous structures shared by related species
- ●DNA evidence can compare the genetic similarity between species to determine evolutionary relationships
- ●Natural selection is the mechanism by which evolution occurs: traits that improve survival are passed on